Sprains And Strains

A sprain - usually a relatively minor injury - is a complete or incomplete tear in the supporting ligaments surrounding a joint. (A sprained ankle is a common joint injury.)

A strain, which can be acute or chronic, is an injury to a muscle or tendinous attachment. Both injuries usually heal without surgical repair.

Causes

A sprain usually follows a sharp twisting motion of the affected joint. An acute strain usually results from vigorous muscle overuse, overstress, or over-stretching of a single muscle or muscle group.

Symptoms

The symptoms of a sprain are typically pain, swelling, and bruising of the affected joint. Symptoms will vary with the intensity of the injury; more significant ligament tears (Grade III injuries) cause an inability to use the affected joint and may lead to joint instability. Less serious injuries (Grade I injuries) may only cause pain with movement.

Diagnostic tests

X-rays rule out fractures and confirm damage to ligaments.

Treatment

Initial treatment for a sprain or strain includes R.I.C.E. (rest, ice, compression, and elevation). Other treatment options may include:

• activity restrictions
• splint/cast
• crutches/wheelchair
• physical therapy (to stretch and strengthen the injured muscles, ligaments, and tendons)
• surgery (especially if the injury is reoccurring or if a muscle, tendon, or ligament is badly torn)

Be sure to consult your child's physician if there is a prolonged, visible deformity of the affected area, or if severe pain prevents use of arm, leg, wrist, ankle, or knee.

Prevention

Regular stretching and strengthening exercises for your sport, fitness or work activity, as part of an overall physical conditioning program, can help to minimize your risk of sprains and strains. Try to be in shape to play your sport; don't play your sport to get in shape. If you have a physically demanding occupation, regular conditioning can help prevent injuries.

© Doctor-clinic.org. All rights reserved.

Disclaimer :- The materials in this web site are in no way intended to replace the professional medical care, advice, diagnosis or treatment of a doctor. The web site does not have answers to all problems. Answers to specific problems may not apply to everyone. If you notice medical symptoms or feel ill, you should consult your doctor . We will not be liable for any complications or other medical accidents arising from or in connection with the use of or reliance upon any information in this web site.