Colorado Tick Fever

Colorado tick fever is a benign infection that occurs in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States. The infection is acquired between March and November in the mountainous western region at altitudes of 4,000' to 10,000' (1,200 to 3,000 m). Colorado tick fever apparently confers long-lasting immunity against reinfection.

Causes

This disease is limited to the western US and is most prevalent from March to September, with the highest numbers of infections occurring in May and June.

Symptoms start about 3 to 6 days after the tick bite. Symptoms of fever continue for 3 days, stop, then recur 1 to 3 days later for another few days.

Symptoms and Signs

Symptoms start about 3 to 6 days after the tick bite. Symptoms of fever continue for 3 days, stop, then come back 1 to 3 days later for another few days.

Diagnostic tests

A complete blood count demonstrating leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and serologic findings or viral isolation confirms the diagnosis. Infection of erythroblasts and other marrow cells by the fever virus causes the appearance of erythrocytes containing the virus; these are present for several weeks. This is detected in smears stained by immunofluorescence.

Treatment

After correct removal of the tick, supportive treatment relieves symptoms, combats secondary infection, and maintains fluid balance.

Prevention

When walking in tick-infested areas, tuck long pants into socks to protect the legs, and wear shoes and long-sleeved shirts. Ticks will show up on white or light colors better than dark colors, making them easier to remove from your clothing.

Check yourself and your pets frequently. If you find ticks, remove them immediately by using a tweezers, pulling carefully and steadily. Insect repellent may be helpful.

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